據油價網2023年3月22日報道，政府間論壇國際碳行動伙伴關系(ICAP)在周三發表的一份新報告中稱，由于能源危機促使政策制定者加倍努力脫碳，排放交易系統(ETS)去年為各國政府籌集了創紀錄的630億美元。

排放交易制度通常規定經營者或部門可以排放的溫室氣體總量。排放上限將逐步降低，從而使總排放量下降。在有排放交易系統的轄區內，運營商購買或接收排放配額，這些配額可以根據需要進行交易。

ICAP表示：“排放交易系統正在創造創紀錄的收入水平，這些收入既可用于進一步減少溫室氣體排放，也可用于減輕低收入社區和家庭的負擔，可以直接通過退稅，也可以間接用于資助國有住房的能效改進。” 

報告指出，目前全球有28個這樣的排放交易系統在運行，21個處于不同的開發和考慮階段。

ICAP表示：“由于配額價格上漲和越來越多地使用拍賣，自2008年以來，排放交易系統籌集的總收入中有一半以上是在2021年和2022年籌集的，許多政府將這些資源用于進一步的氣候行動，補貼新興技術，或支持低收入家庭。”

ICAP秘書處負責人Stefano De Clara表示：“排放交易系統為引導對脫碳的投資發出了一個重要的價格信號，如果設計得當，還可以通過向最需要幫助的社區提供幫助，確保實現包容性和公正的轉型。”

歐盟是世界上最大的排放交易市場，去年價格折讓平均為每噸二氧化碳當量83.10美元。

根據ICAP的報告，截至2022年，全球碳排放交易系統的價格與當年基本持平。

李峻 編譯自 油價網

原文如下：

Global Emissions Trading Raised A Record $63 Billion In 2022

Emissions Trading Systems (ETS) raised a record $63 billion for governments last year, as the energy crisis pushed policymakers to double down on decarbonization efforts, intergovernmental forum International Carbon Action Partnership (ICAP) said in a new report on Wednesday. 

ETSs generally set the total amount of greenhouse gases that can be emitted by operators or sectors. The cap is gradually reduced so that total emissions drop. In jurisdictions with ETSs, operators buy or receive emission allowances, which can be traded as needed.

“ETSs are generating record level of revenues that can be used to both deliver further GHG reductions and to alleviate the burden on low-income communities and households, either directly via rebates or indirectly, such as funding energy efficiency improvements in state housing,” ICAP said.

Currently, there are 28 such systems operating around the world, and 21 at different stages of development and consideration, the report noted.

“As a result of higher allowance prices and an increasing use of auctioning, more than half of the total revenue raised by ETSs since 2008 was collected in 2021 and 2022, with many governments channeling these resources back into further climate action, subsidizing emerging technologies, or supporting lower-income households,” ICAP said.

“Emissions trading sends an important price signal to direct investment to decarbonization and can also, if designed well, ensure an inclusive and just transition by directing help to those communities which need it the most,” said Stefano De Clara, Head of the ICAP Secretariat.

In the EU, the biggest ETS market in the world, the allowance price averaged $83.10 per metric ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) in 2022.

According to ICAP’s report, prices in the world’s emissions trading systems ended 2022 largely unchanged on the year.