據(jù)油價(jià)網(wǎng)11月24日消息稱，隨著歐洲加速推進(jìn)其氫能計(jì)劃，世界許多其他地區(qū)正在尋求發(fā)展自己的氫能市場(chǎng)。但I(xiàn)RENA警告說，氫氣市場(chǎng)的擴(kuò)張必須從戰(zhàn)略上進(jìn)行，以確保它支持從化石燃料到可再生替代品的過渡。

澳大利亞的公司現(xiàn)在正計(jì)劃建立一個(gè)綠色的氫樞紐，利用太陽能和風(fēng)能為運(yùn)營提供動(dòng)力。本月，F(xiàn)ortescue Future Industries (FFI)宣布將與Windlab合作開發(fā)北昆士蘭超級(jí)中心。該項(xiàng)目將專注于綠色氫氣生產(chǎn)，預(yù)計(jì)將于2027年投入運(yùn)行。兩家公司希望建立超過10吉瓦的風(fēng)能和太陽能發(fā)電，以支持綠色氫氣生產(chǎn)。如果獲得批準(zhǔn)，800兆瓦的草原風(fēng)電場(chǎng)和另一個(gè)1000兆瓦的項(xiàng)目將為該設(shè)施提供能源。

在澳大利亞可再生能源機(jī)構(gòu)的支持下，英國石油公司于2020年開展了一項(xiàng)在澳大利亞生產(chǎn)氫氣的可行性研究。該研究得出的結(jié)論是，“使用可再生能源生產(chǎn)綠色氫氣和綠色氨”在澳大利亞已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了技術(shù)上的規(guī)模化。根據(jù)FFI的說法，到目前為止，綠色氫氣的開發(fā)一直“受到通過電氣化從水中提取氫氣的可再生能源供應(yīng)不足的限制”。然而，該公司指出，澳大利亞在廣闊的土地上開發(fā)風(fēng)能和太陽能資產(chǎn)具有巨大的潛力。

澳大利亞并不是唯一一個(gè)試圖追趕歐洲快速發(fā)展的綠色氫氣發(fā)展的國家，美國也在尋求建立自己的市場(chǎng)。拜登總統(tǒng)的《通貨膨脹削減法案》(IRA)預(yù)計(jì)將通過向可再生能源和氣候變化項(xiàng)目投資3690億美元，提高美國各地對(duì)綠色氫氣項(xiàng)目的興趣和資金投入。美國綠色氫氣生產(chǎn)商Plug Power的首席執(zhí)行官安迪·馬什(Andy Marsh)表示，IRA的稅收抵免將為“到2050年實(shí)現(xiàn)全球凈零排放提供一個(gè)重要的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，使氫氣，特別是綠色氫氣，能夠提供全球20%的能源”。

美國能源部(DoE)下屬的氫與燃料電池技術(shù)辦公室(HFTO)的發(fā)展，已經(jīng)幫助美國開始建立自己的氫市場(chǎng)。直到最近，它在綠色氫能的發(fā)展方面一直落后于歐洲和亞洲。然而，由HFTO在制氫方面的研發(fā)支持的IRA資金有望幫助美國迅速擴(kuò)大其綠色氫生產(chǎn)。

曹海斌 摘譯自 油價(jià)網(wǎng)

原文如下：

The World Is Racing To Ramp Up Green Hydrogen Production

As Europe races ahead with its hydrogen plans, many other parts of the world are looking to develop their own hydrogen markets. But IRENA warns that the expansion of the hydrogen market must be carried out strategically to ensure it supports the transition away from fossil fuels to renewable alternatives.

Australian firms are now planning to establish a green hydrogen hub, using solar and wind energy to power operations. Fortescue Future Industries (FFI) announced this month that it is partnering with Windlab to develop the North Queensland Super Hub. This project will focus on green hydrogen production and is expected to be up and running by 2027. The firms hope to establish over 10GW of wind and solar power to support green hydrogen production. The 800MW Prairie Wind Farm and another 1,000MW project will provide energy for the facility if approved.

BP, backed by the Australian Renewable Energy Agency, carried out a feasibility study in 2020 for the production of hydrogen in Australia. The study concluded that “the production of green hydrogen and green ammonia using renewable  energy” had become technically feasible at scale in Australia. Until now, green hydrogen development had been “constrained by the lack of renewable supply to power the process of extracting hydrogen from water through electrification,” according to FFI. However, the firm pointed out, Australia has significant potential to develop its wind and solar assets over vast areas of land.

Australia’s not the only country looking to catch up to Europe’s rapidly expanding green hydrogen developments, as the U.S. looks to establish a market of its own. President Biden’s Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) is expected to boost interest and funding in green hydrogen projects across the U.S. through the investment of $369 billion in renewable energy and climate change programmes. Andy Marsh, the CEO of Plug Power, an American green hydrogen producer, stated that tax credits from the IRA will provide “a major inflexion for the world to achieve net zero by 2050 and for hydrogen, especially green hydrogen, to provide 20percent of the world’s energy.”

The development of the Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office (HFTO), under the Department of Energy (DoE), has helped the U.S. to begin to build its hydrogen market. Until recently it has been lagging behind Europe and Asia in the development of its green hydrogen capacity. However, IRA funding, supported by HFTO research and development in hydrogen production, is expected to help the U.S. rapidly expand its green hydrogen production.